Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practices towards Gender Equality in Achieving SDG5
Abstract
This research was conducted to determine the awareness level of the students’ at the University
of Malaya (UM) towards gender equality in achieving SDG5. A set of survey questionnaire established on
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) was distributed through an online Google survey form to all
UM students’, and 123 responses were collected to evaluate the awareness level (95% confidence
interval with ± 5% margin of error). Data analysis was conducted through SPSS software. The results
revealed that the respondents have a higher knowledge level with lower attitude and practices levels.
Spearman’s Rho coefficient correlation was used to evaluate the relationship level within variables
(between knowledge and practices and attitude and practices). The results reported a weak positive
correlation within knowledge and practice levels (r= .275, N= 123, p=
Views: 9635
Downloads
References
Ahmad, J., Noor, S. M., & Ismail, N. (2015). Investigating Students' Environmental Knowledge,
Attitude, Practice and Communication. Asian Social Science, 11(16), 284.
Ahamad, N. R., & Ariffin, M. (2018). Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice towards
sustainable consumption among university students in Selangor, Malaysia. Sustainable
Production and Consumption, 16, 88-98. Doi: 10.1016/j.spc.2018.06.006
Al-Naqbi, A., & Alshannag, Q. (2018). The status of education for sustainable development and
sustainability knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of UAE university students.
International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 19(3), 566-588. Doi:
1108/IJSHE-06-2017-0091
Akinsemolu, A. A. (2018). The role of microorganisms in achieving the sustainable
development goals. Journal of cleaner production, 182, 139-155. Retrieved from:
http://ahgroup.at/user_files/Lab/UNT.216/a.h_rawMat-2-Com/SDG
Arora-Jonsson, S., Agarwal, S.,Kurian, P., & Larson, A. M. (2019). SDG 5: Gender Equality–A
Precondition for Sustainable Forestry. Sustainable development goals: their impacts on
forests and people, 146-177. Retrieved from:
https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/16554/1/Arora- Jonsson_et_al_200114-2.pdf
Abdollahpour, S., Mansouri, E., & Khadivzadeh, T. (2020). A Comparative Review of the
Relationship between Fertility Rate and Gender Equality. Women’s Health Bulletin, 7(2),
-8. Retrieved on 20th May, 2021 from:
http://womenshealthbulletin.sums.ac.ir/article_46544_6afb35b273e484998d7fd5
a808e86bd3.pdf
Bukhari, F. Y., & Ramzan, M. (2013). Gender discrimination: A myth or truth about women
status in Pakistan. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 8(2), 88- 97.
Biasutti, M., & Frate, S. (2017). A validity and reliability study of the attitudes toward
sustainable development scale. Environmental Education Research, 23(2), 214-230.
Doi: 10.1080/13504622.2016.1146660
Borges, F. (2019). Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviours Concerning Sustainable Development:
A Study among Prospective Elementary Teachers. Higher Education Studies, 9(2), 22.
Doi: 10.5539/hesv9n2p22
Balakrishnan, B.; Tochinai, F.; Kanemitsu, H. (2020). Perceptions and attitudes towards
sustainable development among Malaysian undergraduates. Int. J. High. Educ. 2020, 19,
–51
Chua, Y. P. (2013). Mastering research statistics. McGraw-Hill Education.
Dancey, C. and Reidy, J. (2004) Statistics without Maths for Psychology: using SPSS for Windows.
Prentice Hall, London.
Dasli, Y., & Saricoban, S. (2016). Determination of attitudes on gender: A study on higher
education students. European Scientific Journal, 12(26), 233-239. doi:
19044/esj.2016.v12n26p268
David, C.C., Albert, J.R.G. and Vizmanos, J., F., V. (2018. Sustainable Development Goal 5: How
does the Philippines fare on gender equality?. Philippine Institute for Development
Studies, https://www.pids.gov.ph/publications/6764
Darmstadt, G. L., Heise, L., Gupta, G. R., Henry, S., Cislaghi, B., Greene, M. E., & Weber, A. M.
(2019). Why now for a Series on gender equality, norms, and health? The Lancet,
(10189), 2374-2377. Retrieved on 20th May, 2021 from:
https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10077859/3/Hawkes%20Why%20a%20Serie
s%20on%20gender%20equality.pdf
Esa, N. (2010). Environmental knowledge, attitude and practices of student teachers.
International Research In Geographical And Environmental Education, 19(1), 39-50. doi:
1080/10382040903545534
Franco, I., Saito, O., Vaughter, P., Whereat, J., Kanie, N. (2019). Higher education for sustainable
development: actioning the global goals in policy, curriculum and practice. Sustainability
Science, 14(6), 1621-1642. Retrieved from:
http://collections.unu.edu/eserv/UNU:7296/Franco2018
Franco, I. B., Meruane, P. S., & Derbyshire, E. (2020). SDG 5 Gender Equality. In Actioning the
Global Goals for Local Impact (pp. 69-83). Springer, Singapore. Retrieved on 18th
May, 2021 from:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Natalia_Cano3/publication/337259356_SD
G_6_Clean_Water_and_Sanitation_Sustainable_Use_of_Energy_and_Water_R
esources_in_the_Mining_Sector_A_Comparative_Case_Study_of_Open-
Pit_and_Alluvial_Mining_Technology/links/5e259d25299bf1cdc4d56924/SDG-6-
Clean-Water-and-Sanitation-Sustainable-Use-of-Energy-and-Water-Resources-
in-the-Mining-Sector-A-Comparative-Case-Study-of-Open-Pit-and-Alluvial-
Mining-Technology.pdf#page=78
Gündüz, S. (2017). A Research about attitudes and behaviors of university students with having
different cultures towards the environment through sustainable development. EURASIA
Journal of Mathematics Science and Technology Education, 13(6), 1881-1892. Doi:
12973/eurasia.2017.01206a
Global Competitiveness Report. (2019). World Economic Forum. Available at:
http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_TheGlobalCompetitivenessReport2019.pdf
Gupta, G. R., Oomman, N., Grown, C., Conn, K., Hawkes, S., Shawar, Y. R., Equality, G. (2019).
Gender equality and gender norms: framing the opportunities for health. The Lancet,
(10190), 2550-2562. Retrieved on 18 th May, 2021 from:
https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10077857/1/Lancet_Paper%205_Final%20Submi
ssion%20Feb%2028.pdf
Global Gender Gap Report (2020). World Economic Forum. ISBN-13: 978-2-940631- 03-2. The
Report and an interactive data platform are available at
http://reports.weforum.org/global-gender-gap-report-2020/dataexplorer
Hook, J. L. (2010). Gender inequality in the welfare state: Sex segregation in housework.
American Journal of Sociology, 115, 1480-1523.
Israel, G. D. (1992). Gainesville: University of Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of
Food and Agriculture Sciences, EDIS, Determining sample size, pp. 1-5.
Ilham, Z., Jamaludin A.A. & Hakimi, M.I. (2018). Youth for Environmental Sustainability (YES)
Malaysia. In Hardiman, B. & Yuniarti, E. (Eds.), 1st Asia-Pacific RCE SDG Youth Challenge
on “Youth for the Goals: Climate Action and Life Below Water”, Western Sydney
University Press, pp. 6.
Jackson, R. M. (1998). Destined for equality: Inevitable rise of women’s status. Harvard, USA:
Harvard University Press.
Jamilah, H.A., Hasrina, M., Hamidah, A.H., Juliana, A.W. (2011). Pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan
masyarakat Malaysia terhadap isu alam sekitar. Akademika, 81. (3),103–115
Kaliyaperumal, K. Guideline for conducting a knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) study.
(2004). AECS Illumination [Internet]. 2004 [cited 2017 May 20]; 4 (1): 7-9
Keles, Ö. (2017). Investigation of pre-service science teachers’ attitudes towards sustainable
environmental education. Higher Education Studies, 3(7), 171-180. Doi:
5539/hes.v7n3p171.
Kusakabe, K. (2017). Analysis 2: SDG5, Gender equality in and through fisheries. Yemaya, (54),
-6. Retrieved on 18th May, 2021 from:
http://aquaticcommons.org/21415/1/Yemaya_54_article_4_Gender%20equality.pdf
Kitada, M., & Bhirugnath-Bhookhun, M. (2019). Beyond business as usual: the role of
women professionals in maritime clusters. WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs, 18(4),
-653. Retrieved on 19th May, 2021 from: Jackson, R. M. (1998).
Destined for equality: Inevitable rise of women’s status. Harvard, USA:
Harvard University Press.
Jamilah, H.A., Hasrina, M., Hamidah, A.H., Juliana, A.W. (2011). Pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan
masyarakat Malaysia terhadap isu alam sekitar. Akademika, 81. (3),103–115
Kaliyaperumal, K. Guideline for conducting a knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) study.
(2004). AECS Illumination [Internet]. 2004 [cited 2017 May 20]; 4 (1): 7-9
Keles, Ö. (2017). Investigation of pre-service science teachers’ attitudes towards sustainable
environmental education. Higher Education Studies, 3(7), 171-180. Doi:
5539/hes.v7n3p171.
Kusakabe, K. (2017). Analysis 2: SDG5, Gender equality in and through fisheries. Yemaya, (54),
-6. Retrieved on 18th May, 2021 from:
http://aquaticcommons.org/21415/1/Yemaya_54_article_4_Gender%20equality.pdf
Kitada, M., & Bhirugnath-Bhookhun, M. (2019). Beyond business as usual: the role of
women professionals in maritime clusters. WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs, 18(4),
-653. Retrieved on 19th May, 2021 from: https://commons.wmu.se/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1022&context= maritimewomen2019
Klavins, M., & Vaccari, M. (2019). The role of higher education institutions in sustainability
initiatives at the local level. Journal of cleaner production, 233, 1004- 1015. Retrieved
from:
space.mmu.ac.uk/623361/1/DepositiFinal.The%20Role%20of%20HEIs%20in%20Su
stainability%20Initiatives%20at%20the%20Local%20Level.pdf
Musa, N., & Husin, A. (2018). Towards gender equality in Malaysia: Legal and policy perspectives.
Retrieved February, 20, 2019. Retrieved from:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Nurhafilah_Musa/publication/332751792
Mölders, T. (2019). Rethinking gender: feminist perspectives on Sustainable Development Goals
in the light of (re) productivity. GAIA-Ecological Perspectives for Science and Society, 28(2),
-99. Retrieved on 19th May, 2021 from:
https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/oekom/gaia/2019/00000028/00000002/art
?crawler=true&mimetype=application/pdf
Nelson, Julie and England, Paula (2002), Feminist Philosophies of Love and Work, Hypatia, Vol.
, No 2, p. 1-18.
Nhamo, G., Muchuru, S., & Nhamo, S. (2018). Women's needs in new global sustainable
development policy agendas. Sustainable Development, 26(6), 544-552. Retrieved on
th May, 2021 from:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Shepherd_Muchuru/publication/322527868
Women%27s_needs_in_new_global_sustainable_development_policy_agend
as/links/5b10bd164585150a0a5e1a5f/Womens-needs-in-new-global-sustainable-
development-policy-agendas.pdf
Omisore, A. G., et al. (2017). "Awareness and Knowledge of the Sustainable Development Goals
in a University Community in Southwestern Nigeria." Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences,
(6): 669-676.
Odera, J. A., & Mulusa, J. (2020). SDGs, Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment: What
Prospects for Delivery?. Sustainable development goals and human rights: springer,
-118. Retrieved on 19th May, 2021 from:
https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/22942/1007219.pdf?se
quence=1#page=106
Pathania, S. K. (2017). Sustainable Development Goal: Gender Equality for Women’s
Empowerment and Human Rights. International Journal of Research- GRANTHAALAYAH,
(4), 72-82. Retrieved on 18th May, 2021 from:
https://www.granthaalayahpublication.org/journals/index.php/granthaalayah/artic
le/download/IJRG17_A04_213/1675
Psaki, S. R., McCarthy, K. J., & Mensch, B. S. (2018). Measuring gender equality in education:
Lessons from trends in 43 countries. Population and Development Review, 44(1), 117-142.
Retrieved on 20 th May, 2021 from:
https://www.youthpower.org/sites/default/files/YouthPower/resources/Measuring%20
Gender%20Equalityin%20Education%20Lessons%20fromTrends%20in%2043%20C
ountries.pdf
Ridgeway, C. (2011). Framed by gender: How gender inequality persists in the modern world?
New York, USA: Oxford University Press.
UNESCO. World Atlas on Gender Equality in Education. 2012. Available online:
http://www.unesco.org/new/typo3temp/pics/d7af2fe604.jpg
Researchgate.net. (2021). Types of Empowerment. [Accessed on: 20-05-2021]. Available at:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342835851_Women_Empowerment_is
needed_to_Boost_Gender_Equality_in_Malaysia
Sybille, G. (2011). The KAP survey model (knowledge, attitude and practices). Retrieved from
survey_2011.
https://issuu.com/medecinsdumonde/docs/mdm_guide_kap_
Subašić, E., Hardacre, S., Elton, B., Branscombe, N. R., Ryan, M. K., & Reynolds, K. J. (2018).
“We for She”: Mobilising men and women to act in solidarity for gender equality. Group
Processes & Intergroup Relations, 21(5), 707-724. Retrieved on 19 th May, 2021 from:
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1368430218763272
Sustainabledevelopment.un.org. (2019). Malaysian Sustainable Development Knowledge
Platform. Retrieved from:
https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/memberstates/malaysia.
Shinbrot, X. A., Wilkins, K., Gretzel, U., & Bowser, G. (2019). Unlocking women’s
sustainability leadership potential: Perceptions of contributions and challenges for women
in sustainable development. World Development, 119, 120-132. Retrieved from:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/am/pii/S0305750X19300646
Sen, G. (2019). Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment: Feminist Mobilization for the
SDGs. Global Policy, 10, 28-38. Retrieved on 19th May, 2021 from:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1758-5899.12593
Sunthonkanokpong, W., & Murphy, E. (2019). Sustainability awareness, attitudes and actions: A
survey of pre-service teachers. Issues in Educational Research, 29(2), 562-582. Retrieved
from on 19th May, 2021:
http://www.iier.org.au/iier29/sunthonkanokpong.pdf
Tatjana, M., K. (2006). Semejnoto vospituvanje i socialnoto odnesuvanje na decata, Skopje, pp.
Matilov, Naum, (2002), Brak I semejstvo, Skopje, 194-195.
Thystrup, A. G. (2020). Gender-inclusive governance for e-commerce. The Journal of World
Investment & Trade, 21(4), 595-629. Retrieved on 18th May, 2021 from:
https://repository.graduateinstitute.ch/record/296706/files/CTEI-2018- 07_Thystrup.pdf
UNICEF. (2010). Promoting Gender Equlaity: An Equity-based Approach to Programming.
UNICEF. Retrieved from:
https://www.unicef.org/gender/files/Overarching_2Pager_Web.pdf
UN Women. (2018). Turning Promises into Action: Gender Equality in the 2030 Agenda For
Sustainable Development (New York, 2018). Available at:
https://www.unwomen.org/en/digital-library/publications/2018/2/gender- equality-in-
the-2030-agenda-for-sustainable-development-2018
UM living lab achievement report (2019-2020). Retrieved from
https://www.um.edu.my/docs/default-source/UM-Sustainability-Reports/um- campus-
sustainability-report-2017-2018-(um-living-labs-achievement- report).pdf?sfvrs
UM fact sheet (2019). Retrieved from
https://www.um.edu.my/about-um/um-fact-sheet.
UM ecocampus (2019). Retrieved from
https://www.google.com/search?q=UM+eco+campus&rlz=1C1CHBF_enMY793MY793
&oq=UM+eco+campus+&aqs=chrome..69i57j0j69i60l2.3858j0j8&sourceid=chrome&ie=
UTF-8
UN Women. (2019). UN Women Global Database on Violence against Women. New York.
Accessed 19 April 2018
http://evaw-global-database.unwomen.org.
United Nations. (2020) Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistics Division.
Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls.
Vyas-Doorgapersad, S. (2018). Designing measurement instruments for Sustainable
Development Goals one, five and nine. African Journal of Public Affairs, 10(3), 118-133.
Retrieved on 18th May, 2021 from:
https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.10520/EJC-11496798ad
Vega Montiel, A. (2018). Gender equality and big data in the context of the sustainable
development goals. Partecipazione e conflitto, 11(2), 544-556. Retrieved on 18th May,
from:
http://sibaese.unisalento.it/index.php/paco/article/viewFile/19555/16637
Williams, M. J. (2017). Analysis 1: SDG5, gender equal fisheries. Yemaya, (54), 2-3. Retrieved
On 20th May, 2021 from:
http://aquaticcommons.org/21413/1/Yemaya_54_article_2_Gender%20equal%2
fisheries.pdf
-
23
-
19
-
17
-
16
-
15
-
15
-
14
-
14
-
13
-
12