Towards a Seamless City Framework: Integrating Sentiment Analysis and Adaptive Indicators in Bandung’s Urban Development

Abstract

Smart city agendas in Indonesia are organized around administrative boundaries rather than functional urban dynamics, producing disconnected and fragmented digital services. This study develops the Seamless City as an analytical lens for urban-service integration and translates it into adaptive indicators for Bandung. The methodology uses lexicon-based sentiment analysis of an archived corpus of 6,795 Twitter/X posts on urban services, mapping the resulting citizen-perception signals against ISO 37120, ISO 37122, ISO 37123, and the Sustainable Development Goals. The results show that public discourse centers on service discontinuity rather than on the absence of technology, with governance sentiment distributed as 58.9% positive, 30.4% negative, and 10.7% neutral, indicating divided rather than uniformly critical opinion. Accordingly, 237 candidate indicators are proposed across four pillars: governance (111), mobility (24), economy (21), and environment (81). Urban-service integration therefore depends on cross-agency coordination rather than platform provision, with Bappeda a plausible convenor.

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